
Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a common condition often seen in dentistry that affects up to an estimated 20% of the global population. Untreated gum disease can lead to more serious issues like recession of the gums, bad breath and even tooth loss. It’s therefore really important to maintain good oral hygiene, such as regular brushing, flossing and hygienist appointments, as this can prevent gum disease from occurring in the first place. Additionally, as gum disease isn’t always painful, regular dental check-ups are essential to identify gum disease early and ensure swift treatment before it gets any worse.
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Gum disease symptoms usually include swelling, redness and inflammation in the gums and sometimes, but not always, pain in the affected area. It can also cause bleeding gums, either when you eat certain foods or when you brush / floss, and bad breath. In the most serious of cases, your gums may recede and you might start getting movement in your teeth which could lead to loss of the teeth.
There are 3 main types of gum disease. Your dentist will recommend treatment based on the type of gum disease you have.
Gingivitis is the first stage of gum disease. It’s caused by a build-up of bacteria and / or plaque on the teeth which then leads to infection. This usually presents as swelling, irritation, redness or, sometimes, bleeding in the gums. Whilst gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease and can be easily treated, it won’t go away on its own. It must therefore be taken seriously to avoid it developing into a more significant form of gum disease.
Once issues are first discovered, either by you, your hygienist or your dentist, your dentist will carry out a visual assessment of your teeth and gums. If the infection requires closer examination, they will use our state-of-the-art digital diagnostic equipment to assess the exact location and extent of the disease before creating a treatment plan for you.

Periodontal treatment costs can vary depending on the severity of the condition, the type of treatment needed and where the treatment is performed. Generally, you can expect to pay:
Prices can vary based on the complexity of the case, so it's essential to consult with a dentist for an accurate estimate.
If your dentist suspects advanced gum disease or complications, they may refer you to a periodontist or a dentist with special interest in periodontics for specialised care in advanced periodontal procedures.

Hygienist treatments or a dental plan.
If periodontal (gum) disease goes untreated, it can lead to gum recession and tooth loss. It may even contribute to further health issues. Additional damage to the gums, bone and connective tissues that support your teeth can also be caused as the infection spreads.
No, not always. Bad breath is often linked to periodontal disease, but it can also result from other factors such as poor oral hygiene, consuming certain foods, smoking, dry mouth or underlying health conditions. This is why regular hygiene treatment is essential.
Yes. Without treatment, periodontal (gum) disease can lead to tooth loss. This is because, as the condition progresses, it can cause serious damage to the gums and bone that support your teeth. Eventually your teeth may become loose and possibly fall out or require extraction. Visiting your dentist at the earliest possible opportunity is therefore vital to protect your teeth and gums.
Gingivitis is much more likely during pregnancy because of changes in hormones which make gums more prone to inflammation and infection, either causing new issues or making existing issues worse. It’s important to pay keen attention to your oral health during pregnancy with regular brushing and flossing, having a check-up with your dentist (which is free under the NHS during pregnancy) and visiting the hygienist for a deep clean of the teeth and gums.